Kamchatka
Local people of Kamchatka
About Kamchatka
The territory of the Kamchatka Peninsula is practically undeveloped and is equally beautiful at any time of the year. Travelers call this region the Russian Iceland. It's also widely renowned as the realm of geysers, volcanoes and hot mineral springs.
Brown bear
Mutnovsky volcano // winter
KLYUCHEVSKAYA SOPKA
Kamchatka from a bird's eye view
29
active volcanoes
glaciers
416
bears
20 000
population
313 000
464 300
Area, km2
formation of the region as part of the Irkutsk province
In 1803, the Kamchatka region was established as part of the Irkutsk province. Kamchatka later became part of Khabarovsk Region, then the Primorsky Region, and afterwards included Chukotka and Koryaksky national districts. In 2007, the subject was proclaimed the Kamchatka Territory. According to one of the versions, the name Kamchatka comes from the river of the same name.
1803
The founding of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky
In 1740, Vitus Bering's expedition successfully founded the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. A great contribution to the development and study of the region was made by the scientist-geographer Stepan Krasheninnikov, who wrote the book “Description of the Kamchatka Land” in 1756.
1740
The beginning of Kamchatka's development
In 1697, the development of the peninsula and the construction of prisons began, after the campaign of the Yakut Cossack Vladimir Atlasov, whom Pushkin called "Kamchatka's Yermak". For 43 years, local residents —Itelmens —resisted.
1697
The founding of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky
In 1740, Vitus Bering's expedition successfully founded the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. A great contribution to the development and study of the region was made by the scientist-geographer Stepan Krasheninnikov, who wrote the book “Description of the Kamchatka Land” in 1756.
1740
The beginning of Kamchatka's development
In 1697, the development of the peninsula and the construction of prisons began, after the campaign of the Yakut Cossack Vladimir Atlasov, whom Pushkin called "Kamchatka's Yermak". For 43 years, local residents —Itelmens —resisted.
1697
formation of the region as part of the Irkutsk province
In 1803, the Kamchatka region was established as part of the Irkutsk province. Kamchatka later became part of Khabarovsk Region, then the Primorsky Region, and afterwards included Chukotka and Koryaksky national districts. In 2007, the subject was proclaimed the Kamchatka Territory. According to one of the versions, the name Kamchatka comes from the river of the same name.
1803
The region includes 87 settlements, 3 of which are major cities: Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Vilyuchinsk, Yelizovo. These three cities hold 80% of the entire Kamchatka population.
Khalaktyrsky beach
The Kamchatka Territory is located in the North-East of Russia, being part of the Dalnevostochny Federal District.
area of the peninsula, km2
270 000
The Kamchatka Territory is located in the North-East of Russia, being part of the Far Eastern Federal District.
Kamchatka consists of a mainland portion, as well as Komandorsky and Karaginsky islands. It borders on the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Magadan and Sakhalin regions. The length of its territory is about 1500 kilometers, which is comparable to distance between Moscow and Budapest. Kamchatka's west side is washed by the Okhotskoe Sea, and its east side by the Bering Sea and the Pacific Ocean. The area of the peninsula is 270,000 km2 , which is the size of New Zealand.
The lands of the peninsula are part of the "Pacific Fire Belt" - a band of active volcanoes. In 1996, a UNESCO World Heritage Site appeared here - "Volcanoes of Kamchatka". It consists of 6 sites with 29 active and 300 extinct volcanoes. The largest of them is Klyuchevskaya Sopka.
In 1996, a UNESCO World Heritage Site appeared in Kamchatka — “Volcanoes of Kamchatka”
eruption
Russians 176136 79,79 % 382423 81,03 % 290108 80,85 % 83,56 % 252609 78,43 % 85,92 %
Ukrainians 14852 6,73 % 43014 9,11 % 20870 5,82 % 6,01 % 11488 3,57 % 3,91 %
Koryaks 5319 2,41 % 7190 1,52 % 7328 2,04 % 2,11 % 6640 2,06 % 2,26 %
Itelmens 985 0,45 % 1441 0,31 % 2296 0,64 % 0,66 % 2394 0,74 % 0,81 %
Tatars 2921 1,32 % 5837 1,24 % 3617 1,01 % 1,04 % 2374 0,74 % 0,81 %
Belarusians 2420 1,10 % 7353 1,56 % 3489 0,97 % 1,00 % 1883 0,58 % 0,64 %
Evens (Lamuts) 1113 0,50 % 1489 0,32 % 1779 0,50 % 0,51 % 1872 0,58 % 0,64 %
Kamchadals 1881 0,52 % 0,54 % 1551 0,48 % 0,53 %
Chukchi 1072 0,49 % 1530 0,32 % 1487 0,41 % 0,43 % 1496 0,46 % 0,51 %
Koreans 6740 3,05 % 1952 0,41 % 1749 0,49 % 0,50 % 1401 0,43 % 0,48 %
Azerbaijanis 1117 0,24 % 1311 0,37 % 0,38 % 1270 0,39 % 0,43 %
Chuvash 799 0,36 % 2322 0,49 % 1292 0,36 % 0,37 % 807 0,25 % 0,27 %
Armenians 227 0,10 % 948 0,20 % 948 0,26 % 0,27 % 748 0,23 % 0,25 %
Uzbeks 627 0,13 % 267 0,07 % 0,08 % 646 0,20 % 0,22 %
Mordva 3075 1,39 % 2356 0,50 % 1170 0,33 % 0,34 % 630 0,20 % 0,21 %
Moldovans 167 0,08 % 1324 0,28 % 662 0,18 % 0,19 % 479 0,15 % 0,16 %
Germans 234 0,11 % 1039 0,22 % 707 0,20 % 0,20 % 430 0,13 % 0,15 %
Aleuts 332 0,15 % 390 0,08 % 446 0,12 % 0,13 % 401 0,12 % 0,14 %
Bashkirs 148 0,07 % 959 0,20 % 575 0,16 % 0,17 % 363 0,11 % 0,12 %
Buryats 295 0,06 % 223 0,06 % 0,06 % 335 0,10 % 0,11 %
Udmurts 1242 0,56 % 989 0,21 % 503 0,14 % 0,14 % 307 0,10 % 0,10 %
Kyrgyz 199 0,04 % 63 0,02 % 0,02 % 264 0,08 % 0,09 %
Kazakhs 212 0,10 % 675 0,14 % 343 0,10 % 0,10 % 235 0,07 % 0,08 %
Ossetians 698 0,15 % 286 0,08 % 0,08 % 225 0,07 % 0,08 %
Mari 164 0,07 % 471 0,10 % 307 0,09 % 0,09 % 222 0,07 % 0,08 %
Tajiks 212 0,04 % 141 0,04 % 0,04 % 194 0,06 % 0,07 %
Lezgins 161 0,03 % 160 0,04 % 0,05 % 186 0,06 % 0,06 %
Poles 267 0,12 % 471 0,10 % 277 0,08 % 0,08 % 153 0,05 % 0,05 %
Georgians 442 0,09 % 266 0,07 % 0,08 % 149 0,05 % 0,05 %
Yakuts 75 0,02 % 92 0,03 % 0,03 % 142 0,04 % 0,05 %
Avars 108 0,02 % 131 0,04 % 0,04 % 120 0,04 % 0,04 %
Jews 1065 0,48 % 711 0,15 % 248 0,07 % 0,07 % 112 0,03 % 0,04 %
Yezidis 26 0,01 % 0,01 % 97 0,03 % 0,03 %
Ainu 94 0,03 % 0,03 %
Ukrainians 14852 6,73 % 43014 9,11 % 20870 5,82 % 6,01 % 11488 3,57 % 3,91 %
Koryaks 5319 2,41 % 7190 1,52 % 7328 2,04 % 2,11 % 6640 2,06 % 2,26 %
Itelmens 985 0,45 % 1441 0,31 % 2296 0,64 % 0,66 % 2394 0,74 % 0,81 %
Tatars 2921 1,32 % 5837 1,24 % 3617 1,01 % 1,04 % 2374 0,74 % 0,81 %
Belarusians 2420 1,10 % 7353 1,56 % 3489 0,97 % 1,00 % 1883 0,58 % 0,64 %
Evens (Lamuts) 1113 0,50 % 1489 0,32 % 1779 0,50 % 0,51 % 1872 0,58 % 0,64 %
Kamchadals 1881 0,52 % 0,54 % 1551 0,48 % 0,53 %
Chukchi 1072 0,49 % 1530 0,32 % 1487 0,41 % 0,43 % 1496 0,46 % 0,51 %
Koreans 6740 3,05 % 1952 0,41 % 1749 0,49 % 0,50 % 1401 0,43 % 0,48 %
Azerbaijanis 1117 0,24 % 1311 0,37 % 0,38 % 1270 0,39 % 0,43 %
Chuvash 799 0,36 % 2322 0,49 % 1292 0,36 % 0,37 % 807 0,25 % 0,27 %
Armenians 227 0,10 % 948 0,20 % 948 0,26 % 0,27 % 748 0,23 % 0,25 %
Uzbeks 627 0,13 % 267 0,07 % 0,08 % 646 0,20 % 0,22 %
Mordva 3075 1,39 % 2356 0,50 % 1170 0,33 % 0,34 % 630 0,20 % 0,21 %
Moldovans 167 0,08 % 1324 0,28 % 662 0,18 % 0,19 % 479 0,15 % 0,16 %
Germans 234 0,11 % 1039 0,22 % 707 0,20 % 0,20 % 430 0,13 % 0,15 %
Aleuts 332 0,15 % 390 0,08 % 446 0,12 % 0,13 % 401 0,12 % 0,14 %
Bashkirs 148 0,07 % 959 0,20 % 575 0,16 % 0,17 % 363 0,11 % 0,12 %
Buryats 295 0,06 % 223 0,06 % 0,06 % 335 0,10 % 0,11 %
Udmurts 1242 0,56 % 989 0,21 % 503 0,14 % 0,14 % 307 0,10 % 0,10 %
Kyrgyz 199 0,04 % 63 0,02 % 0,02 % 264 0,08 % 0,09 %
Kazakhs 212 0,10 % 675 0,14 % 343 0,10 % 0,10 % 235 0,07 % 0,08 %
Ossetians 698 0,15 % 286 0,08 % 0,08 % 225 0,07 % 0,08 %
Mari 164 0,07 % 471 0,10 % 307 0,09 % 0,09 % 222 0,07 % 0,08 %
Tajiks 212 0,04 % 141 0,04 % 0,04 % 194 0,06 % 0,07 %
Lezgins 161 0,03 % 160 0,04 % 0,05 % 186 0,06 % 0,06 %
Poles 267 0,12 % 471 0,10 % 277 0,08 % 0,08 % 153 0,05 % 0,05 %
Georgians 442 0,09 % 266 0,07 % 0,08 % 149 0,05 % 0,05 %
Yakuts 75 0,02 % 92 0,03 % 0,03 % 142 0,04 % 0,05 %
Avars 108 0,02 % 131 0,04 % 0,04 % 120 0,04 % 0,04 %
Jews 1065 0,48 % 711 0,15 % 248 0,07 % 0,07 % 112 0,03 % 0,04 %
Yezidis 26 0,01 % 0,01 % 97 0,03 % 0,03 %
Ainu 94 0,03 % 0,03 %
Koryak reindeer breeder
ainu girl
Even//This people was referred to as "Tungus" up until 1931
The unstable climate of Kamchatka is determined by the terrain, the peninsula's length and the proximity of the Pacific Ocean.
More than a hundred cyclones pass through the peninsula every year. Because of this, Kamchatka experiences heavy precipitation, hurricanes and storms.
In winter, it is snowy on the peninsula. In the north the weather can drop down to minus 60 °C, while in the peninsula's central parts, and parts distant from coastal region it can reach minus 15 °C. In coastal parts the weather in winter is the most comfortable —an average temperature of minus 10 °C and a lot of snow. Summer lasts from July to September. Summers are usually rainy and foggy, with average temperatures up to 20 °C. The coastal climate and the southern part of the peninsula are characterized by a maritime climate, while in the central part and in the north it is continental.
-15°C to
-60°C
snow valley
1200 plant species
Wild nature, untouched by man, prevails here, in which there are 1200 species of plants, 243 of them are included in the Red Book of Kamchatka. Tall grasses are typical in river valleys and on mountain slopes. It is replaced by shrubs and alpine meadows. Blooms profusely in spring and summer. In the forests, which occupy 40% of the entire territory of the peninsula, you can find a lot of wild berries: lingonberries, cranberries, blueberries, raspberries, cloudberries, currants, honeysuckle, princess, mountain ash, and also northern bearberry - shiksha.
1200 plant spe
cies
cies
37 species of land mammals
37 species of land mammals live in Kamchatka: sable, lynx, wolverine, polar wolf, fox, hare, otter, flying squirrel. The most dangerous predator is the brown bear —there are more than 20,000 of them here. Reindeer, bighorn sheep, musk deer, elk, ground squirrels, beavers, muskrats, and also tabargan - Kamchatka marmot live in the southern part of the peninsula.
Brown bear
37 species of land mammals
37 species of land mammals
37 spe
cies of
land
mam
mals
cies of
land
mam
mals
polar Wolf
musk- deer
jerboa
Reindeer
domestic
volcanoes
The group of three volcanoes: Avachinsky, Koryaksky and Kozelsky" is referred to as "domestic” by the locals, because they are located just a few tens of kilometers from the city. They are combined into one large Avacha group of volcanoes.
volca
noes
noes
Kozelsky volcano
meter
2190
height
Scientists have found that initially the volcano was about 500 meters higher and could be compared with Avachinsky. As a result of two explosions, its top was destroyed, and side cones appeared on the slopes. The Kozelsky crater is filled with a glacier, the Mutnushka River flows out of it.
Koryak volcano
meter
3456
height
Local residents made household items and tools from the volcanic glass of the Koryakskaya Sopka, especially arrowheads. In the 19th century, at the foot of the hill, a Koryak nomadic camp appeared. Russian inhabitants of Petropavlovsk among themselves called it Koryaki, and the volcano gradually began to be called Koryaksky.
Avacha Sopka
meter
2741
height
It is located 30 kilometers from the administrative center. Its name is translated as "fiery". The volcano remains active to this day.
Koryak volcano
meter
3456
height
Local residents made household items and tools from the volcanic glass of the Koryakskaya Sopka, especially arrowheads. In the 19th century, at the foot of the hill, a Koryak nomadic camp appeared. Russian inhabitants of Petropavlovsk among themselves called it Koryaki, and the volcano gradually began to be called Koryaksky.
meter
2190
height
Scientists have found that initially the volcano was about 500 meters higher and could be compared with Avachinsky. As a result of two explosions, its top was destroyed, and side cones appeared on the slopes. The Kozelsky crater is filled with a glacier, the Mutnushka River flows out of it.
Kozelsky volcano
Avacha Sopka
meter
2741
height
It is located 30 kilometers from the administrative center. Its name is translated as "fiery". The volcano remains active to this day.
Kronotsky Nature Reserve // Valley of Geysers
The Valley of Geysers is one of the most spectacular geyser fields in the world. About 30 geysers and 100 hot springs are concentrated in an area of 6 km2.
This valley was discovered in 1941 by the reserve's geologist Tatyana Ustinova and her guide Anisifor Krupenin. Here you can see all known forms of hydrothermal activity: geysers, thermal springs, mud lakes, boilers and volcanoes.
height
perio
dicity
dicity
10 meters
35 meters
4 minutes
Fontan
60 minutes
Bolshoy
40-120 minutes
Pervenets
4 hours
Zhemchuzhny
5-7 hours
Velikan
Hundred-meter cliffs were formed as a result of a volcanic eruption. Due to the high content of gases, the lava mass foamed and froze in a porous state. Then, under the influence of wind and water currents, the rocks were turned into shapes that can be observed today. The pumice canyon looks especially impressive from a helicopter.
baht
Kutkhins
Canyon with white pumice rocks in the shape of upright canoes. Kutkh is a local deity who bears the guise of a raven, who created Kamchatka by taking a large stone from the bottom of the sea and populating it with people, and baht is a fishing boat. So, Kutkhiny bakhty literally translates to "God Kutkh's boats"
A surf school has been opened in Kamchatka, where you can learn the basics of this extreme sport from scratch. Neither frost nor cold winds frighten them. Even Australian aficionados visit this place to surf on winter waves.
surfing
Enthusiasts have developed surfing on the Khalaktyrsky beach. Surfing fans can be seen here throughout the year.
sur
fing
fing
Airplane is the most convenient way to get to Kamchatka.
Most land routes are absolutely impassable for a car. In winter, skiing and snowmobiling become available.
The airport is located 30 kilometers from the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, in the city of Yelizovo. A flight from Moscow takes 8.5 hours.
Yelizovo airport
Khabarovsk
Novosibirsk
Krasnoyarsk
Irkutsk
Vladivostok
moscow
Fly from
Flights are taken from the heliport located 20 kilometers from the Elizovo airport and 33 kilometers from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky.
Primary mode of transportation in the region is by helicopters
Kamchatka is one of the largest volcanic regions in the world and, at the same time, the largest area of mountain glaciers in Russia. There are about 150 clusters of hot springs and more than 100 thousand lakes.
Salmon fish spawn in clean rivers, brown Kamchatka bears live in dense forests, and seals, walruses and sea otters, red-listed otters, arrange rookeries on the sea coast.
everyone should discover the nature and history of the peninsula
The project was created within the framework of Anya Melnik's course "Creative layout and animation".
The materials are collected from open sources on the Internet and are used for non-commercial purposes.
2022
The materials are collected from open sources on the Internet and are used for non-commercial purposes.
2022
Yunonina
site author
Aleksandra
